What are core and non-core vaccines for cats?
There are a handful of vaccines. Some are considered core vaccines, and some are considered non-core vaccines. Within those vaccines, some are also required by state law.
The average cat is required to have a rabies vaccine, which is definitely a New Jersey state-required vaccine.
Another core vaccine in cats is called the FVRCP vaccine or the "Kitty Distemper" vaccine, which covers a handful of important viruses in cats.
Depending on your cat's lifestyle, there are one or two other vaccines we might consider, with FIV vaccination being probably the third most common vaccine in cats.
When should kittens start vaccinations?
Most kittens, as long as they're feeling well and healthy, usually start around 8 weeks of age with their vaccines. The initial kitten vaccine series usually includes a handful of boosters, at least two, if not more.
Usually, we booster that FVRCP vaccine, the "Kitty Distemper" vaccine, a couple of times until they're at or older than 16 weeks old. Thereafter, it's usually good for one year, and then a three-year vaccine is typically administered. The rabies vaccine, the initial dose, is good for one year, and thereafter it's either good for three years or one year depending on which vaccine you choose to give.
What is the goal of cat vaccines?
Similar to humans, the goal of cat vaccines is to help protect your cat against whatever that vaccine is protecting against, whether it's rabies or the handful of viruses in the FRCP vaccine. As long as the vaccines are up to date, they'll be more protected if they're exposed to any of those pathogens, hopefully getting through that exposure with fewer issues than if they were unvaccinated.
Are there any risks associated with vaccinations for cats?
Just like any injection, whether it's a vaccine or any sort of medication, there's always the chance of a local reaction, such as soreness, a little bit of pain or discomfort. Some individuals react to vaccines or other injectables with an allergic reaction type response. It's pretty rare, but your veterinary team would guide you on what to look out for and what would prompt reevaluation if you see any issues.
What should you do if your cat has a reaction to a vaccine?
If you have any concerns after a vaccine, definitely reach out to your veterinarian to make sure that it's okay and expected. Some of the side effects we discussed earlier, such as a little soreness, discomfort, or tiredness, are usually acceptable. However, if they have more of an allergic reaction like a swollen or puffy face, hives, excessive vomiting or diarrhea, pale gums, or collapse, give your veterinarian a call to gauge whether you should bring them in for a possible reaction.
Do I need previous records to have my cat vaccinated?
Sometimes, if we don't have prior documentation of vaccine records, we restart those vaccines just to be safe. Ideally, wherever you acquire your cat from, they should come with a set of records detailing when and where they got their vaccines. Otherwise, you'll need to follow the paper trail to keep tabs on the vaccine history.
Once we have established a vaccine schedule and history, I recommend families keep either paper or digital copies of vaccination proof, including the date, which vaccines they got, and the duration they're good for. This makes it easier in the future to verify their vaccine status. You can also reach out to their veterinarian, a prior vet, or even shelters that keep records of prior pets.
Can cats receive multiple vaccines at once?
Most cats can receive multiple vaccines at once without any problems. However, if your cat has a history of adverse reactions or sensitivities, we sometimes break up vaccines to monitor their response to each one and ensure they do well. If we have concerns, either we postpone or break them up a bit. Most cats manage multiple vaccines in one visit quite well.
If your cat is nervous, it's never wrong to reach out to your vet to discuss calming medications or supplements that can take the edge off before coming in. Otherwise, ensure they're feeling well on the day of the appointment to proceed with vaccines.
When are non-core vaccines recommended for cats?
Non-core vaccines are recommended based on lifestyle. For an indoor-only cat not exposed to other cats, especially if other cats in the home are FELV negative, we don't always recommend that vaccine consistently. If your kitty's indoor only and not exposed to many other cats, we often skip the FV vaccine. If their lifestyle changes or you introduce an FIV positive cat into your home, our recommendation might change.
What is the goal of cat vaccines?
The goal of vaccines is to build preemptive immunity against pathogens, mostly viruses in cats. If they're ever exposed to those viruses or bacteria, their immune system would ideally mount a strong response against the pathogen, lessening the severity of their illness if they're already vaccinated.
Are there vaccines specific for senior cats?
There aren't specific vaccines for senior cats. We discuss their vaccine history and potential exposures to decide on vaccines like the FVRCP vaccine. This decision is made between the cat's family and the veterinary team. Certain medical conditions are fine for vaccinations, while others, like certain cancers or autoimmune diseases, might require holding off on vaccines. As long as your cat is well the day of the vaccine and doesn't have pre-existing conditions of concern, the average cat can be vaccinated.
Is the rabies vaccine required for cats?
The rabies vaccine is typically required across the board, especially for traveling and boarding purposes. It's specific to where you're traveling or boarding your pet. It's best to reach out to the airline or boarding facility to see what they require, as regulations can vary.
Does pet insurance cover vaccinations for cats?
Insurance coverage varies by policy and plan. Some policies do not cover wellness care, including vaccines, while others cover both sick and well care. It's best to contact your insurance provider to confirm coverage for wellness care vaccines. The cost of vaccines varies depending on the type, such as pure vax versus regular rabies for cats, and there's usually a small visit fee. Your veterinarian will typically provide a treatment plan and discuss it with you during the visit.
How do you choose the right veterinarian for your cat?
Trust your gut and word of mouth. Research can help find the right fit for your cat or pet and a vet team that works well for them. Ask family members, friends, or online for recommendations. Additionally, the FearFree website lists veterinary clinics with accreditation to make visits less stressful for your pet.
What happens if a cat is not vaccinated?
This should be discussed with your vet to understand the potential repercussions. Rabies vaccination is crucial to protect not just your pet, but your family as well. In the event of exposure to a rabies-carrying animal, the implications can be serious. Your vet can provide guidance during your appointment.
If you’re ready to schedule an exam or would like to learn more about our veterinary services, we’d love to hear from you. Call (848) 217-5000 or email [email protected]. We look forward to caring for your pet.